Can I perform a DNS lookup (hostname to IP address) using client-side Javascript?

Noah_Jacobson_13172 0
Viewed 161668

I would like to use client-side Javascript to perform a DNS lookup (hostname to IP address) as seen from the client's computer. Is that possible?

dns javascript
16 Answers

Edit: This question gave me an itch, so I put up a JSONP webservice on Google App Engine that returns the clients ip address. Usage:

<script type="application/javascript">
function getip(json){
  alert(json.ip); // alerts the ip address
}
</script>

<script type="application/javascript" src="http://jsonip.appspot.com/?callback=getip"> </script>

Yay, no server proxies needed.

Pure JS can't. If you have a server script under the same domain that prints it out you could send a XMLHttpRequest to read it.

Zach_Carter_91280

I know this question was asked a very long time ago, but I figured I'd offer a more recent answer.

DNS over HTTPS (DoH)

You can send DNS queries over HTTPS to DNS resolvers that support it. The standard for DOH is described in RFC 8484.

This is a similar thing to what all the other answers suggest, only that DoH is actually the DNS protocol over HTTPS. It's also a "proposed" Internet standard and it's becoming quite popular. For example, some major browsers either support it or have plans to support it (Chrome, Edge, Firefox), and Microsoft is in the process of building it into their operating system.

One of the purposes of DoH is:

allowing web applications to access DNS information via existing browser APIs in a safe way consistent with Cross Origin Resource Sharing (CORS)

There's an open source tool made especially for doing DNS lookups from web applications called dohjs. It does DNS over HTTPS (DoH) wireformat queries as described in RFC 8484. It supports both GET and POST methods.

Full disclosure: I am a contributor to dohjs.

Another JavaScript library with similar features is found here - https://github.com/sc0Vu/doh-js-client. I haven't used this one personally, but I think it would work client side as well.

DNS over HTTPS JSON APIs

If you don't want to bother with DNS wireformat, both Google and Cloudflare offer JSON APIs for DNS over HTTPS.

Example Javascript code to lookup example.com with Google's JSON DOH API:

var response = await fetch('https://dns.google/resolve?name=example.com');
var json = await response.json();
console.log(json);

Examples from the RFC for DOH GET and POST with wireformat

Here are the examples the RFC gives for both GET and POST (see https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8484#section-4.1.1):

GET example:

The first example request uses GET to request "www.example.com".

:method = GET
:scheme = https
:authority = dnsserver.example.net
:path = /dns-query?dns=AAABAAABAAAAAAAAA3d3dwdleGFtcGxlA2NvbQAAAQAB
accept = application/dns-message

POST example:

The same DNS query for "www.example.com", using the POST method would be:

:method = POST
:scheme = https
:authority = dnsserver.example.net
:path = /dns-query
accept = application/dns-message
content-type = application/dns-message
content-length = 33

<33 bytes represented by the following hex encoding> 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 77 77 77 07 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 03 63 6f 6d 00 00 01 00 01

Other places to send DOH queries

You can find a list of some public DNS resolvers that support DNS over HTTPS in a couple places:

Of the above resources, I'd say that the list on Curl's wiki and the DNSCrypt list are are probably the most complete and the most frequently updated. Curl's page also includes a list of open source tools for DoH (servers, proxies, client libs, etc).

user_96389910

There's no notion of hosts or ip-addresses in the javascript standard library. So you'll have to access some external service to look up hostnames for you.

I recommend hosting a cgi-bin which looks up the ip-address of a hostname and access that via javascript.

Hans_Sjunnesson_86830

As many people said you need to use an external service and call it. And that will only get you the DNS resolution from the server perspective.

If that's good enough and if you just need DNS resolution you can use the following Docker container:

https://github.com/kuralabs/docker-webaiodns

Endpoints:

[GET] /ipv6/[domain]: Perform a DNS resolution for given domain and return the associated IPv6 addresses.

 {
     "addresses": [
         "2a01:91ff::f03c:7e01:51bd:fe1f"
     ]
 }

[GET] /ipv4/[domain]: Perform a DNS resolution for given domain and return the associated IPv4 addresses.

 {
     "addresses": [
         "139.180.232.162"
     ]
 }

My recommendation is that you setup your web server to reverse proxy to the container on a particular endpoint in your server serving your Javascript and call it using your standard Javascript Ajax functions.

user_4394940

There is a javascript library DNS-JS.com that does just this.

DNS.Query("dns-js.com",
    DNS.QueryType.A,
    function(data) {
        console.log(data);
});
user_4660480

Doing this would require to break the browser sandbox. Try to let your server do the lookup and request that from the client side via XmlHttp.

Tomalak_187710
user_49820350
user_89032780

I don't think this is allowed by most browsers for security reasons, in a pure JavaScript context as the question asks.

Nick_Craver_132490

If the client has Java installed, you could do something like this:

ipAddress = java.net.InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();

Other than that, you will probably have to use a server side script.

Alex_Fort_126240
Related